Published on December 16, 2025
The dog permit test in Germany exists because dogs deserve more than good intentions; they deserve informed, responsible care. In some parts of the country, prospective dog owners are required to pass a permit test before handling their dog in public. For many expatriates and relocating families, this requirement can raise questions: What is the test? Who needs to take it? And how does it fit into German dog laws? While the test may feel unfamiliar at first, it reflects a culture that prioritizes dogs’ well-being and public safety.
This guide breaks down German dog laws, explains why the dog permit test in Germany exists, and outlines what owners can expect if a test is required.
Dog Permit Test in Germany: Why It Exists
Caring for a dog is deeply rewarding, but it also requires time, consistency, and an understanding of canine behavior. Many behavioral and safety issues don’t stem from neglect or bad intentions, but from a lack of knowledge. Dogs that miss early socialization may develop anxiety or reactive behaviors, and owners unfamiliar with canine body language may unintentionally create unsafe situations for others.
Germany’s approach to dog ownership focuses on prevention and safety. The dog permit test in Germany ensures that owners understand the fundamentals of responsible care, public safety, and animal welfare before handling a dog in public spaces. At its core, the system reflects a simple principle: when someone is responsible for a living animal, they should be prepared to care for it safely and confidently.
The Purpose of the Dog Permit Test
The goal of the permit test is to promote informed ownership and reduce preventable behavioral and safety issues. By assessing an owner’s knowledge and practical handling skills, authorities ensure dogs are properly trained, socialized, and controlled in shared spaces. The test protects both the public and the dog itself by encouraging consistent training and clear communication.
Is the Dog Permit Test Mandatory Across Germany?
The test is not mandatory in every state or city, but it is becoming increasingly common. Requirements differ depending on local regulations, so it is essential to verify the rules specific to your location with local authorities.
German Dog Laws: General Rules for Owners
Dog ownership in Germany is regulated at the state and local level, meaning requirements can vary depending on where you live. However, several rules apply nationwide.
Requirements for Dog Owners in Germany
Owning a dog in Germany requires understanding the responsibilities involved. Owners must provide proper exercise, socialization, training, and care, while also following legal requirements. Many safety and behavioral issues are preventable when owners understand canine body language and behavior from the start.
Leash Laws and Public Safety
Leash requirements are regulated at the state and city levels. In some areas, dogs must remain leashed in public unless the owner has passed the dog permit test in Germany and received an off-leash exemption. Cities such as Berlin and parts of Saxony enforce strict leash laws, and owners may face fines for noncompliance.
Dog License Germany and Dangerous Dog Breeds
What Is the Dog License (Hundeführerschein)?
All German states require a dog license (Hundeführerschein) for owners of dogs classified as dangerous dog breeds in Germany. Some states have additional requirements beyond this baseline.
For example, Lower Saxony requires a dog license for all dog owners, regardless of breed or size. In North Rhine-Westphalia, owners must obtain a certificate of competence (Sachkundebescheinigung) if their dog exceeds 40 cm in shoulder height or weighs more than 20 kg.
Dangerous Dog Breeds in Germany
Breeds categorized as Category 1, or dangerous dog breeds in Germany, are generally prohibited from being imported or owned in Germany, with very limited exceptions. Even when exceptions apply, government approval is required, and permits are costly and difficult to obtain.
Prohibited dog breeds, including both purebred and mixed-breed:
- Pit Bull Terrier
- American Staffordshire Terrier
- Staffordshire Bull Terrier
- Bull Terrier
State-Specific Licensing and Competence Exam
In North Rhine-Westphalia, the competence exam consists of a theoretical, multiple-choice test assessing an owner’s knowledge of responsible dog handling, behavior, and public safety. The exam is available in English, and the official state website provides practice exams, answer keys, and a list of certified veterinarians authorized to administer the test.
Dog Registration Germany: Microchips, Taxes, and Insurance
Microchipping and Registration Process
All dogs must be registered with the local Bürgeramt within 2–4 weeks of importing or buying a dog. Registration requires an ISO-compliant, 15-digit microchip, which is recorded during registration.
Major cities with a large expat population, including Berlin, Munich, and Frankfurt, allow owners to complete dog registration in Germany online. Here are the links to register your dog online in the following cities:
Liability Insurance Requirements
Six of Germany’s sixteen states require proof of dog liability insurance. Regardless of whether it is mandatory, insurance is strongly recommended, as owners are legally liable for 100% of any damage or injury caused by their dog.
Dog Tax and City Registration Tags
Owners must also pay an annual dog tax (Hundesteuer), typically €90–€150 depending on the city and breed. Dogs considered dangerous breeds in Germany may have higher fees. After registration, dogs receive a tax tag that must be worn on their collar whenever in public.
What to Expect on the Dog Permit Test
Theoretical Assessment
The theoretical portion usually consists of a multiple-choice exam covering:
- Basic canine behavior and body language
- Training principles and socialization
- Legal responsibilities and owner liability
- Public safety and leash regulations
- Proper equipment and handling
Practical Assessment
The practical exam evaluates how the owner:
- Handles the dog on a leash
- Maintains control in public settings
- Responds to distractions and everyday scenarios
- Communicates effectively with the dog
How to Prepare and Pass the Exam
Owners can find certified veterinarians through the official websites of each state, which also provide resources and practice exams for preparation.
Final Thoughts on Dog Ownership and Testing in Germany
Germany’s dog ownership framework emphasizes education, accountability, and animal welfare. While the dog permit test in Germany may feel unfamiliar or restrictive, it is a proactive measure to prevent behavioral issues and ensure safe, positive interactions between dogs and the public.
For owners relocating to Germany, understanding German dog laws, the dog permit test, dog registration, requirements for dog licenses, and dangerous dog breeds in Germany early can make the transition smoother and set both dog and owner up for long-term success.
Have more questions? Check out our guide on How to Move your Pet to Germany that includes information on: health and document requirements, FAQs, our Pawprint City Guide, and everything else you need to know to relocate your dog to Germany.
If you are looking to relocate to Germany with your dog, WorldCare Pet can help! Our expert pet relocation counselors ensure a safe, stress-free journey for your pet. Contact us today to request a free quote and learn how we can be the heart of your move.
Kaitlyn Reid is a Marketing Assistant at WorldCare Pet, where she helps share stories, tips, and guidance for smooth pet relocations worldwide. A devoted dog mom to Piper, she combines her love for animals with her marketing expertise to connect pet parents with the information they need for stress-free moves. Her goal is to make every transferee’s journey as seamless and reassuring as possible.